Built-in gray theme

I would like to suggest the addition of a built-in neutral gray theme for Kdenlive, which could be named Breeze Gray. The current default dark theme has a distinct blue tint that is problematic for color grading tasks. This tint causes optical illusions that make it difficult to judge color balance accurately during the editing process.

DaVinci Resolve

A similar feature exists in DaVinci Resolve known as Use Gray Background. Implementing a neutral, mid-gray interface option in Kdenlive would provide a more professional environment for users who need to perform color correction without the UI colors influencing their perception of the footage.


How could it look in Kdenlive


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That’s an interesting point - but really you’d need to talk to the KDE theme folks. We don’t define these themes, we just use them.

Though that said, I would assume that ā€œmore professionalā€ users are grading colour against what they see rendered full screen on a calibrated monitor, so this wouldn’t really be an issue for them, would it?

And if you aren’t doing that, is the amount that the background colour distorts your perception greater than the kind of difference you’re going to get between random uncalibrated displays?

I agree the optical bias effect is real - but I’m curious about how actually significant it is in practice? Because the same effect is going to happen for anyone watching what you produce too, and you can’t control the theme on their machine or the colour of the wall their screen is hung on, etc.

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The argument regarding the viewer’s environment is exactly why a neutral UI is necessary for the editor. Since we cannot control the end-user’s display or room lighting, the mastering environment must be as neutral as possible to ensure the export is a ā€œtrueā€ baseline. If the UI is tinted blue, the human eye undergoes chromatic adaptation, causing the editor to perceive the video content as warmer than it actually is and leading them to over-correct. This physiological bias happens regardless of whether the monitor is a professional reference display or a consumer laptop.

Furthermore, while KDE manages global themes, other creative tools in the KDE ecosystem like Krita already ship with their own neutral color schemes precisely to avoid this issue. Kdenlive could similarly include a dedicated .colors file for a neutral gray workspace without needing to change the entire KDE desktop’s theme logic.

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Sure, but if your colours are All Wrongā„¢ to begin with, how much does the tiny amount of bias this introduces, in this specific case, actually contribute to the ā€œerrorā€ in what you create? That’s what I’m asking.

There’s no argument that it’s a real phenomenon and a theoretical problem - I’m asking if there is a demonstrably practical one, with enough magnitude that it isn’t just lost in the noise of all the other sources of error, in what are ultimately subjective artistic decisions based on one person’s (the colourist) personal perception and preference.

That bias also works in both directions - even if you get your colours all wrong, viewers will also perceive them to be more like they Should Be than what they actually are. We don’t suddenly recoil and think people in the real world look the Wrong Colour just because we moved from being out in the sunlight to indoor artificial lighting with some totally arbitrary colour temperature.

There are certainly things that could be changed if we wanted a new marketing dot point about our scientistically proven superiority to the competition in the style of a cosmetic product ad - but there are also a lot of things we could spend that time improving that would have a clearly greater benefit than just appealing to audiophile-style perfection-mythology - so I’m interested to know if there are any real examples of people botching a colour grade because of the influence of the colour #202326’s distance from a supposedly pure grey, on a supposedly perfect monitor that didn’t impart its own colour temperature and tint to a mathematically grey tone.

This is the the difference we’re talking about, and even as a pure colour swatch with a sharp edge, it’s very close to a Limits Of Perception thing. If I feathered the edge of this sample, it would probably be a safe bet that Almost Nobody wouldn’t notice the differently coloured area, even if they knew it was present.

Bonus points to anyone who noticed faster than I did that the Kdenlive monitor appears to actually render a colour clip of #202326 as #212327 - so if you used a colour picker to try and find the almost invisible differently coloured area in that image, that’s the reason for that discrepancy - in my browser at least the above is an accurate screenshot of a region of the monitor with two colour clips in it.

But that adds some perspective to ā€œthe problems we have with colourā€ problem all of its own!

@Raiguri How do you have managed to make the ā€œBreeze Grayā€ stile?
I saw other KDE software which have additional themes beside Breeze. If you have a ā€œBreeze grayā€ theme we could add it on our store for downloding.

I worked on print, not video, but I’m with Raiguri: one always looks for color neutral tools for color work, any other choice seems like a weird decision, why add one more problem to an already problem-ridden process?

Like Eugen said, if someone wants to contribute this, alternatives to choose from wouldn’t be unwelcome.

But can you even see the difference in the colours in the swatch I posted? (and does one of those colours make the other Look Wrong?) That’s the magnitude of difference we are talking about between the default colour and a ā€˜neutral’ grey. So possibly a more significant question might be, is that colour too dark (or too light), biasing your sense of brightness?

If you’re colour grading full screen, which you probably really ought to be, what about the frame on your monitor? Should we be colour matching with it? Do you do this work in a fully grey room with colour temperature calibrated lighting, or in complete darkness, or something else?

I’m absolutely not dismissing the science here - but I do think we should try to properly understand it and both make and communicate the most informed and educated decision we can. Doing something kneejerk with only a pop-science understanding of what that might actually do seems more like a marketing thing than good engineering and genuinely advantageous improvement. And I’m pretty sure this isn’t the biggest error we have wrt colour handling, so I think the big picture is ā€œit’s complicatedā€, and it definitely needs someone with the the right expertise to properly audit it …

Yep, I noticed the bluish grey inside at first glance, before reading your text, but I really struggle to see its edges. The outer rectangle looks warm to me, not neutral by any means, but I’m on a terrible, never calibrated screen, and the image is surrounded by the forum’s color. I’m just answering as best as I can, not trying to make a point with this.

I’m surprised by the kneejerk and marketing points, this isn’t like buying a gold coated cable to listen to the radio, nobody is making money out of selling grey UIs nor there’s passionate debate on the matter amongst designers. I was just adding my experience to Raiguri’s. The fact is that, in these businesses, we tend to want color neutral environments, it’s not the end of the world if we don’t have them, we do have many other waaaaay bigger problems, but we expect to have that one issue covered.

If changing the color of the UI is a lot of work, then of course, I’m sure there are more important things to work on, but if one can choose, I don’t see any advantage to choosing a tinted grey over a neutral one.

I’m sorry if I sounded antagonistic, I only wanted to support an opinion I agree with and I don’t know if this is a loaded subject.

Yeah, that’s kind of how it looks to me, in the right light with the right monitor brightness I can just see it, but it’s a bit ā€œacid trippyā€, it sort of comes and goes depending on how you stare at it. Or maybe a bit like older LCDs where the colour changed with even small viewing angle changes. But at the limits of perception that is how our vision works - we mostly don’t ā€œseeā€ large contiguous areas, our brains fill them in for us.

The outer rectangle looks warm to me, not neutral by any means

Interesting, because that is the supposedly neutral colour. The inner patch is the current theme colour.

I’m just answering as best as I can, not trying to make a point with this.

Yes, that’s exactly the spirit I asked the question with, I’m genuinely curious to know if other people see something different to what I do, and there’s lots of reasons they might. I do think we should be aspiring to best practice in this - but I don’t think that’s something we can just cargo cult by picking a random RGB triplet where all three values are the same. We need to properly understand the problem and what things and magnitudes of them are or aren’t significant.

As you say, print isn’t quite the same, but if you have solid experience with it, it’s a good perspective to also have input from. Because kind of the same problems apply there. Even ā€˜white’ paper generally isn’t a neutral white.

I’m surprised by the kneejerk and marketing points, this isn’t like buying a gold coated cable to listen to the radio, nobody is making money out of selling grey UIs

Maybe that comes across a bit too loaded to be clear about what I was trying to say then - but if we’re just picking a random ā€œneutral, mid-grayā€ to replace the current theme background with, without any analysis of the degree of any real problems the current colour is causing or the amount of benefit changing it could bring or how to assess what the optimal colour to choose might be - other than ā€œOther Leading Brands make a bit of a fuss about this being a feature of their productā€ - then it kind of is exactly like that except for the selling it to you at a premium price bit.

In that aspect, it’s a bit the opposite, it’s asking us to spend time and effort on something for a theoretical return that so far is still nebulous enough that any change we might make has roughly as much chance of doing some user a small amount of harm as it does of doing some other user a small amount of good. With no clear way to quantify how much for whom.

If we’re going to try and deliberately pick a better colour, it would be nice to have some method better than a coin toss to choose it.

If changing the color of the UI is a lot of work

It’s novel work, because it’s not something we currently do - we mostly just use what the breeze theme gives us, and we don’t maintain that. And it’s not clear if the background is the only problem colour that would need to be tweaked.

I don’t see any advantage to choosing a tinted grey over a neutral one.

I have a reasonable grasp of the science and physiology at play here, and I honestly do not know what the optimum colour to choose should be. Human vision is significantly non-linear, and many things related to it are not immediately intuitive. So I’m not pushing any particular point of view other than ā€œI don’t think we know enough to make a better than random choice yetā€ - so all of my questions here are genuine questions, not rhetorical devices.

My gut feeling is along the lines of ā€œalmost everything else has a much more significant effect than the degree to which this colour leans toward blueā€ - but that doesn’t mean there isn’t some very different colour, or some other more significant change that there would be some real advantage to using. And really - the most likely answer is ā€œit’s different for every combination of user, device, and environment, and we still don’t know enough to give them guidance about what they should use even if we punted on picking the One True Best colour for them and just made everything infinitely configurable insteadā€.

And I would even put a beer on the results of some careful study concluding that some colour other than ā€œneutral, mid-greyā€ turns out it be the optimum for most efficiently creating a pleasing colour grade in the fastest time with the least effort. Because picking the best colours isn’t the same job as looking at them and finding them natural and pleasing either.

I’m sorry if I sounded antagonistic, I only wanted to support an opinion I agree with and I don’t know if this is a loaded subject.

No, you really didn’t, so I’m likewise sorry if I did - I’m not looking to argue about this, I’m interested in answers to the questions I have about how we decide on a better colour scheme. Because I likewise agree that there are definitely terrible colours we could choose, and I agree with the goal we’re aiming for here.

But it’s much less clear how bad our current colour is, or which direction and how far to push it to make a genuinely better choice.

You said you had some experience with print, so I tossed a bunch of those questions at you interested in what insights you might shine on them. I’m not trying to shout this idea down, quite the opposite, I’d like us to understand what’s known about it well enough to be able to make good decisions, because I think the Whole Truth will be much more nuanced than Grey Is Good.

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Glad to see that we’re on the same page :slight_smile: I’ll write back when I have more time!

OK, we’re coming at this from subtly different perspectives. To me, it’s not about finding the perfect UI colour to create the most pleasing result, it’s about helping the worker assess the colour they’re seeing, nothing else. Then they’re on their own to apply their skill and educated guesses about what the intended public might find pleasing (or whatever effect they want to achieve)

So, if our goal is to properly assess colors, the edge that grey gives us is saturation=0, that’s the lowest colour bias you can introduce, it’s not like some marketing guy pushed a random idea on us. I really didn’t get along with the marketing people XD , I was always eager to reject and question their ideas.

That said, is it important for the value to be exactly mid? I don’t think so. I don’t care how well calibrated my screen is, printing the colors will make them a bit duller, so I found, through years of trial and error, that a white or light grey artboard helped me avoid surprises when actually seeing the printed work. On the other hand, black environments make the colors and value contrasts pop, which can be good or bad depending on the case.
Why use mid grey then? Maybe because it’s a middle ground optimized for no one, but it doesn’t seriously disturb anyone either. Personally, I have no reason to vouch for it, I’ll die on the no saturation hill, but never on the mid grey one.

With all of this out of the way:

I can just see it, but it’s a bit ā€œacid trippyā€

You’ve created a very annoying efect there :smiley: Enough for my brain to know that there’s something wrong, but not enough to really solve the ambiguity

Interesting, because that is the supposedly neutral colour. The inner patch is the current theme colour.

I can’t be certain because my setup is terrible, but it would fit with the idea that the surrounding colour affects how I perceive the neutral grey (area matters, we haven’t mentioned that). I also didn’t notice that the inner color is the theme’s, I’m having trouble seeing it as such.

We need to properly understand the problem and what things and magnitudes of them are or aren’t significant.

That would be ideal, but you know the amount of time and resources it would take. I think we’d go into diminishing returns fast, so I wouldn’t even consider it. I would read the paper of anyone who does it, though.

But not having the perfect solution doesn’t mean that what we have is worthless. Like thinking that the Earth is a perfect sphere is inaccurate, but much more useful than thinking it’s flat. Unsaturated grey, mid or not, isn’t ideal, but I think it beats having any saturation, although I couldn’t tell you the thresholds. How much saturation messes with my colour assessment and to what extent? I don’t know, but I know saturation has never helped me.

As you say, print isn’t quite the same, but if you have solid experience with it, it’s a good perspective to also have input from. Because kind of the same problems apply there. Even ā€˜white’ paper generally isn’t a neutral white.

So true, that’s why we used profiles that took the particular kind of the paper into account. I’m glad I don’t do it anymore, it was a miserable process that only helped you get closer, but never achieve perfect accuracy.

other than ā€œOther Leading Brands make a bit of a fuss about this being a feature of their productā€ - then it kind of is exactly like that except for the selling it to you at a premium price bit.

That checks. I didn’t come across that kind of marketing, surely because I wasn’t the one buying the equipment, I just worked it, but I can see how it doesn’t fill you with trust.

I think (not know) that the neutral grey use was a thing before brands turned it into magic money words. I’ve already explained why I don’t think it’s a random choice as good as any other one, but I couldn’t quantify the effect or give you objective, definitive data on the subject, nor I think that I don’t hold any irrational ideas. What I can do is give you my honest opinion and reasoning.

it’s asking us to spend time and effort on something for a theoretical return that so far is still nebulous enough

I get you much better now, I still don’t believe it’s a coin toss, but of course I can’t measure the benefit and compare it to your effort, so I don’t ask for anything, I’m just voicing my opinion in case it helps. It would be great if other experienced people chimed in, you can’t do much with just my opinion.

Let me know if I’ve missed anything! And sorry it took me so long to answer.

And that’s not what I was trying to say either : ) It probably is what most theme designers are going for, but the UI itself ā€œlooking pleasingā€ isn’t the question we’re discussing here…

So this is exactly what I meant too:

it’s about helping the worker assess the colour they’re seeing

And I don’t think we’re coming at it from very different angles, but I do think our starting assumptions are a bit different.

Colour grades are, somewhat by definition, fairly arbitrary things with a wide range of artistic discretion latitude.

If all we wanted was ā€œperfect photorealismā€ then that job is easy, and professional colourists are entirely out of a job. You calibrate your camera, and you calibrate your display. And that’s it, all done aside from drinks at the wrap party.

Or if your camera isn’t perfect, you fix it mechanically with an algorithm. Again, no judgement needed - there is One True Answer and you just need to fudge the camera output to correct its entirely measurable error. This is just standard fare for any precision instrument, so it’s a well understood, completely solved, problem that needs no human judgement at all.

But none of that is what Colour Grading is about. It’s about creating a look, and a feeling, that often isn’t about perfect reproduction, it’s about creating a mood.

It may have started with trying to fix the imperfections in early generations of print and photographic processes - but with modern digital imaging it can often be as much about trying to reproduce those limitations for visual impact as it is fixing real flaws in the raw footage.

A good colour grade is one that ā€œlooks pleasingā€ to the viewer and communicates the mood the artist is trying to convey. And it may not be (and very often deliberately isn’t) even remotely like the original real-life colours in the original subject material.

Nobody would be enticed to buy a fast food hamburger that looks the colour of the mangy thing you see when you unwrap what they actually sold you. They want your mind to see the carefully coiffed false-colour thing they put in the advertising picture.

And it works because the human mind is really good at seeing what it expects to see in place of what it is actually there.

So I think where we differ on this, is that you are starting with the somewhat axiomatic assumption that a working environment with no intrinsic colour (sat=0, brightness=??) will help a Colourist be most effective at practicing their art. While I’m really not so sure about that at all, and think there is evidence in a lot of phenomenon that deliberately biasing the mood of the Colourist, in the right way, would actually help them more easily create the mood in the image that they are aiming for.

And if that hypothesis is true (and I do think some flavour of it is more likely to be correct than not), then there is no One True background colour for all colouring jobs, and the best colour to bias the working environment with will entirely depend on the subject matter being coloured and the mood the artist wants to colour it with.

Why use mid grey then? Maybe because it’s a middle ground optimized for no one, but it doesn’t seriously disturb anyone either.

So I’m not sure I believe this conclusion is true either. I’d agree with you that ā€˜pure’ white or black are among the safest bets in the general case, if you want a sterile mood that is least likely to distort your judgement in unintended ways - but mid-grey is itself definitely a Mood that biases your vision. And a sterile mood might not always be the best way to ā€œhelp the worker assess the best choice of colourā€ either.

Yes, you can draw a line between them and build a perfectly logical argument around that - but vision isn’t a trivially logical thing. That strong colour saturation biases our vision is well known to be true, but that doesn’t automatically mean the optimum background colour is one with absolutely no bias at all.

It’s a bit like ā€œIf I have 2 apples and give you 3 apples, I have -1 applesā€. The basic math is true, but it has no relation to the real facts of how many apples I can give you.

The main reason not to use pure white or black as a UI background is to avoid eye strain, by backing off from those extremes just a little we actually improve what people see and reduce the fatigue of staring at it for long periods. And since we see colour non-linearly, there are likely advantages to slightly biasing that background level too…

So do I think some background colours are better than others for this? Absolutely.

Do I think the current tiny bias toward blue in the current dark theme colour is actively harmful for ā€˜accurate’ colour grading? Very unlikely, though I totally agree that a much stronger bias could be.

Do I think there might be better colours than the current theme which we could use? That’s probably almost certain - but my suspicion is that this is a spectrum, not a single truth, and the best colour will be a complex function of use and user, and that it will not have saturation=0, the hue may be variable, and the brightness will lie near but not at one or the other of the extremes.

Which means I do support the idea of being able to change the ambient colour (even though most people for whom this really matters won’t have any of that colour visible on the monitor they are viewing the footage on anyway). But I don’t think ā€œjust pick some shade of grey, any of them will be better than what we currently haveā€ has very strong legs to stand on. There are probably more shades of grey that would be worse than that would be better, which isn’t good odds for choosing at random.

not having the perfect solution doesn’t mean that what we have is worthless

I don’t think we need a ā€œperfectā€ answer here. As that swatch shows, being in the right ballpark gets you most of the way there - and if that colour is ā€œwrongā€, then it’s more likely to be because it’s ā€œtoo darkā€ than because it’s ā€œtoo blueā€.

The problem we have with this, is that we don’t actually know which direction More Perfect is from where we currently are. We could guess - but that would be a bit antithetical to claiming that we did this to improve things for users.

I would read the paper of anyone who does it, though.

I’d be a bit surprised if there isn’t at least some relevant prior art already published in some corner of extreme colour-wonk space. The optical illusion people are starting to do some really clever things they aren’t just stumbling on by accident anymore.

sorry it took me so long to answer

No sweat there : )

We’ve gone this long without anyone raising this as a major usability problem, and its definitely a valid thing to be thinking about, and easy to agree that it’s something we should be mindful of - but that still leaves us a few steps short of having some concrete action we can implement that we know will make a useful difference to users.

Which I think means it is worth keeping our options open until we get some better explanations of what really is known about state of the art best practice for this. I know there are many people who know much more about this than I do - I just know enough to know that, like most things, It’s More Complicated Than Most People Think.

So my hunch is the Ultimate Answer will not be a ā€œmake it more greyā€ switch - it will be more like a Choose The Mood I Want To Edit This With thing.

I didn’t mean to leave you hanging, sorry, but I need focus and time to sit and really address all of this, and I’m not having any of those these days. I’ll try when I’m able :slight_smile:

You mean KDE discover?

If so, I don’t support this approach, because it would work only on Linux with KDE DE.

I downloaded KDE libadwaita color-scheme file by GabePoel.

Then I manually placed it in
/home/USER/.var/app/org.kde.kdenlive/data/color-schemes